Reversible myocardial ischemia

Myocardial ischemia, also called cardiac ischemia, reduces the heart muscle's ability to pump blood. A sudden, severe blockage of one of the heart's artery can lead to a heart attack. Myocardial ischemia might also cause serious abnormal heart rhythms.

Common symptoms of ischemia of the heart

• Chest pain or pressure, which may radiate to the back, arm, shoulder, neck, jaw or stomach.
• Limitations of physical abilities.
• Nausea with or without vomiting.
• Palpitations or irregular heart rhythms.
• Profuse sweating.
• Shortness of breath.

Generally, if the patients received timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment, the ischemia can be reversed and a favorable prognosis could be expected. Otherwise, reversible myocardial ischemia may develop into myocardial infarction, which is irreversible and the prognosis may be poor.

The most common symptom of myocardial ischemia is angina (also called angina pectoris). Angina is chest pain that is also described as chest discomfort, heaviness, tightness, pressure, aching, burning, numbness, fullness, or squeezing. It can feel like indigestion or heartburn.

Coronary heart disease cannot be cured but treatment can help manage the symptoms and reduce the chances of problems such as heart attacks. Treatment can include: lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise and stopping smoking.

Myocardial ischemia can lead to serious complications, including: Heart attack. If a coronary artery becomes completely blocked, the lack of blood and oxygen can lead to a heart attack that destroys part of the heart muscle. The damage can be serious and sometimes fatal.

On average, women live longer than men with heart disease. At age 50 women can expect to live 7.9 years and men 6.7 years with heart disease. The average woman experiences heart disease onset three years older and heart attacks 4.4 years older than men.

ECG changes of infarction include ST elevation (indicating injury), Q waves (indicating necrosis), and T-wave inversion (indicating ischemia and evolution of the infarction). These changes are called the indicative changes of infarction and occur in leads facing the damaged tissue.

Cardiac ischemia happens when an artery becomes narrowed or blocked for a short time, preventing oxygen-rich blood from reaching the heart. If ischemia is severe or lasts too long, it can cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction) and can lead to heart tissue death.

Ischemic heart disease is caused by a decrease in blood flow through one or more of the blood vessels that carry oxygen to your heart (coronary arteries). When blood flow is reduced, the heart muscle does not receive the amount of oxygen it needs to function properly.

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Journal of  Biochemistry and Biotechnology